"Viral skin diseas amongst elementary school children for 2016.-2017."

Zbog različite anatomije i funkcije djeca zahtjevaju drugačiji pristup nego odrasli. Koža djeteta podložnija je vanjskim utjecajima, pa tako i virusnim infekcijama. Cilj ovog istraživačkog rada je pokazati pojavnost najčešćih virusnih kožnih bolesti u djece školske dobi te terapijske metode koje se koriste u liječenju istih. Istraživanje je provedeno na temelju arhivskih podataka iz Poliklinike Cutis u Dubrovniku u razdoblju od 2016. - 2017. godine. Rezultati istraživanja ustvrdili su kako su najučestalije virusne bolesti kod školske djece:veruke, moluske, bolesti kože uzrokovane herpes simplex virusom, bolesti šaka, stopala i usta, Exanthema infectiosum i Exanthema subitum. Veruke su najčešće među djecom uzrokovane humanim papiloma virusom (HPV). Razlikujemo obične, plantarne i ravne. Liječimo ih krioterapijom tekućim dušikom,elektrokoagulacijom, ekskohleacijom, salicilnom kiselinom i laserom kao novijom metodom. Molluscum contagiosum, uzrokovan poxvirusom, karakterizira pojava bijelih papula. Liječi se ekskohleacijom, krioterapijom i Molusk otopinom (otopina 10%-tnog KOH). Infekcije uzrokovane herpes simplex virusom često recidiviraju budući da virus ostaje pritajen u ganglijima, a djelovanjem nekih čimbenika ponovno se reaktivira. Sekundarne se infekcije najčešće javljaju u obliku vezikula na kutovima usana ili nosu. Te se kožne infekcije liječe simptomatski, antisepticima, ponekad topički antiviroticima poput aciklovira. Kod težih sekundarnih infekcija,poputeczema herpeticum, treba primjeniti sistemske antivirotike, analoge nukleotida. Ostale, manje češće bolesti poput bolesti šaka, stopala i usta, tzv. „pete“ i „šeste“ bolesti liječimo simptomatski te još uvijek ne postoji cjepivo u prevenciji tih bolesti. Bolest šaka, stopala i usta uzokovana je coxackievirusom. Vezikule nastaju po dlanovima i tabanima, a ulceracije na sluznci usne šupljine. Parvovirus B19 uzrokuje „petu“ bolest za kojuje karakterističan osip na licu poput lica nakon šamara te osip po cijelom tijelu. „Šesta“ bolest ili roseola infantum uzrokovana je humanim herpesvirusom6B(HHV-6B). Nakon trodnevne vrućice javlja se osip po cijelom tijelu izuzev lica.Because of different anatomy and physiology, children require more speicific approach than adults. Skin of a child is more vulnerable to external influences, such as viral infections. The aim of this research is to show the occurrence of the most common viral skin diseases amongst children in schoolage and terapeutic methods used in treatment of same diseases. The research was conducted based on an archive data from the Polyclinic Cutis in Dubrovnik in period from 2016. to 2017. Results of the research have shown that the most frequent viral diseases amongst children in schoolage are: warts, Molluscum contagiosum, skin lesions caused by herpes simplex virus, hand, foot, and mouth disease, Exanthema infectiosum and Exanthema subitum. Warts are most common among children and are caused by the human papiloma virus (HPV). We know about three types of warts: ordinary, plantar and flat warts.. Treatment includes cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen, electrocoagulation, exchollegation, salicylic acid and laser as a most recent method. Molluscum contagiosum, caused by poxvirus, is characterized as a white papules. We treat them with exchollegation, cryotherapy and Molusc solution (potassium hydroxide 10%). Infections caused by herpes simplex virus often recur because of virus that lies dormant in the ganglia until it's triggered and then reactivated by some factors. Secondary infections most often occur in the form of vesicles on the corner of lips or nose. These skin infections are treated symptomatically, using antiseptics, and sometimes topical antiviral drugs such as acyclovir. In serious secundary infections, like eczema herpeticum, systemic antiviral nucleotide analogues should be used. Other, rare diseases, like hand, foot and mouth disease, „fifth“ and „sixth“ disease are treated symptomatically and vaccines that could be used in prevetion still don't exist. Hand, foot and mouth disease is caused by coxackievirus. Vesicules occur on the palms and thighs, and ulceration on the mucosa of the oral cavity. Parvovirus B19 causes a "fifth" disease that has a characteristic rash that shows on the face which then looks like slapped cheek, and rash all over the body. "Sixth" disease or roseola infantum is caused by human herpesvirus 6B (HHV- 6B). After three days of fever, a rash appears on the skin except the face